Do it yourself

 

Simple steps for an easier ceramic tile installation

 

1-Surface preparation


General
All backing surfaces shall be dry, level and true. They must be structurally sound, solid, well-fastened, clean, and free of dust, oil, grease or any deleterious substance which may prevent or reduce adhesion. All concrete substrates must be dry and completely cured. Roughen smooth concrete substrate. Sand and scarify painted surfaces to completely remove paint. Do not install tiles over presswood, particle board, chipboard, lauan, masonite, asbestos board, gypsum floor patching compound, and similar unstable materials.

 

Wall
Gypsum board and plaster surfaces should be primed with PLANICRETE® 50 and thoroughly dry before application of adhesive or dry-set mortar.

Floor
Plywood subflour and underlayment must be exclusively "COFI EXTERIOR SELECT" or "SELECT TIGHT FACE" (SEL TF) plywood according to the COFI classification and conforming to CSA-0121 standard for Douglas fir. When on joists 40 cm (16") O.C. plywood subflour shall consist of 2 layers each 16 mm (5/8") thick, layed cross-grained and gapped 6 mm (1/4") between sheets. The plywood shall be screwed 15 cm (6") O.C. around the perimeter and 20 cm (8") O.C. throughout the body of the panel in each direction.

 

2-Tools and trowel

 

The required tools are: nippers, tile cutter, notched trowel, rubber float, hard sponge, terry cloth towel, scouring pad, measuring tape, straight edge, level, plumb line, pencil, rubber gloves, mallet and empty pails.

 

3-How and where to begin


Wall
Using a plumb line draw horizontal and vertical lines in the center of each area to be tilled. Find the lowest point on the tub edge using a level. Place one piece of wall tile at this point and shim up 6 mm (1/4") allowing for caulking. Draw a line on the wall above the tile using a level. Extend the line around the tub wall. When continuing file work past the tub area, drop a plumb line from that point on the floor and measure the number of tiles courses to the floor line. This will establish the base line of the wall and allow a full tile course at edge of tub.


Sol
See the diagram that depicts how to establish the center of the floor.

Attach a string at point A and extend it to point C. Attach a second string at point B and bring it to point D. From the intersection of these 2 lines, draw cross guidelines toward the wall. Lay a row of loose tiles along guidelines. Position the tiles to avoid cuts of less than half tiles along edges.

 

4-Spreading the adhesive or dry-set mortar

 

When using a dry-set mortar, follow the mixing instructions on labels. Use the appropriate notched trowel. Spread a layer of adhesive using the flat edge of the trowel, doubling over immediately with the notched side of the trowel holding it at a 45˚ angle. Spread only enough adhesive as can be covered over before skinning occur. If the adhesive has skinned over, remove it and apply fresh material.

 

5-Setting tiles


Apply tiles pressing firmly and slightly twisting to ensure a good adhesion. Check the first few tiles by removing them and making sure that 85% of the back surface is covered with adhesive. When installing with a dry-set mortar system, beat tiles in with a mallet so that at least 25% of the thickness of the tile is embedded in the mortar. Let tiles set completely before grouting.

 

6-Mesuring and cutting tile


Measure and mark the tile according to size and shape required. Using the tile cutter, score the tile surface and snap the pieces apart. Use nippers to cut ground faucets, electrical outlets, and to make odd shape cuts.

 

7-Grouting

 

General
Do not disturbs, walk over or grout tiles until adhesive or dry-set is completely cured. Clean out the ground lines free of standing water, dust and foreign substances. Wipe tile surfaces free of dust or substances which may cause color contamination or discoloration. Grout with ULTRA/COLOR (mixed with water ONLY), or KERACOLOR®/floor or wall grout mixed with PLASTIJOINTS® latex additive. Alternatively, use KERAPOXY® chemical resistant grout for kitchen counters. For complete details consult the technical data sheets. Have a couple of pails full of clean, cool water near at hand for cleaning.

 

Wall

Mix grout in strict accordance with label instructions. Using a good quality rubber float, force grout into the joints spaces to achieve a full compact joints, remove as much excess grout as possible from the tile surface holding the rubber float at 90˚ angle and working across DIAGONALLY from corner to corner. Let grout firm up slightly and clean tiles with a damp sponge working DIAGONALLY to the line joints, leaving only a light haze on the tile surface. Let dry and with cheesecloth polish tiles to remove the remaining powdered film.

 

Floor
Dampen the surface of the tile. Do not allow water to remain in ungrouted joint spaces. Mix grout in strict accordance with label instructions. Using a stiff rubber floor float force grout into the joint spaces to achieve a full compact joint with no volds. Remove excess grout by using the float as a squeegee and going across the tiles DIAGONALLY at a 90˚ angle, from corner to corner. After joints firm up, wet a terry cloth towel and wring out all excess water. Pull the float damp towel DIAGONALLY across the surface of the tile, from corner to corner, removing all grout residues and smoothing the surface of the grout joint. Continue this procedure by repeatedly rinsing and wringing out the towel with clean cool water. Let grout firm up. Remove remaining haze from the surface of the tiles using a slightly damp scouring pad and remove soil with a damp towel.

Note: For KERAPOXY grouting procedure, follow instructions printed on the container.

 

8-Caulking and sealing

 

Let the tilework cure for 72 hours. Where necessary, caulk around tub, faucets or shower pan areas with a recommended silicone caulking. Grouted joints (except KERAPROXY) may be sealed after 10 days with a silicone spray sealer. Holding the spray bottle in one hand, spray sealer evenly over grout lines and with the other hand IMMEDIATELY wipe tiles clean with a clean dry towel. (DO NOT LET the sealer DRY on tile surface). Generally shower or tub enclosures may be in operation 24 hours after the grout is sealed. Refer to manufacturers instructions.

 

9-Caring for your tiles

 

Ceramic tiles require little maintenance. By regular washing and a good cleaning at least four times a year, ceramic tile will retain their original beauty. Ask your dealer about AQUA MIX ceramic tile maintenance products.